dightonrockandbrownuniversity

It was in the Baptist Church, in Warren, RI, that both Rhode Island College and Brown University were born!

Brown University in Providence, Rhode Island, 02912, United States of America, is one of the oldest and one of the most famous in U. S. A. and even in the world.

It was founded in 1764. It is an independent university, non-profit, founded on the Christian-Judaic philosophy.

Its tuition in now (2004) $28,480, plus $7,876 for room and board, making it a total of $36,356.00 per year. This fee makes Brown University one of the most expensive in U. S. A. and even perhaps in the world!

It offers degrees in Bachelor's, Master's and Doctorate's. It is a complete university. It has an excellent Faculty of Medicine. The only Faculty that it does not have is Law. Among the ten universities, in the State of Rhode Island , Roger Williams University , in Bristol , is the only one in the state that has a Faculty of Law.

The name Brown is derived from Brown's family of Providence . Nicholas Brown Sr., one of the famous mercantile Brown brothers of Providence was the father of Nicholas Brown, after whom the college was eventually named. He was a businessman who made his fortune negotiating with rum and black slavery in the XVIII century.

By contrast, Brown University has now a president, a black smart woman, Dr. Ruth J. Simmons, a slave descendent who has established a committee to examine the Ivy League school's ties to slavery. Brown University is one of the so called Ivy Leagues Universities , or universities for the high class in America !..

Professor Edmund Burk Delabarre The first direct connection of Brown University with Dighton Rock was established by Professor Edmund Delabarre in 1905. He was for many years professor of Psychology and chairman of the Department. His family had come to U. S. from Belgium in the XIX century. He acquired a summer home, in Berkley , Massachusetts , on the right margin of the Assonet River , about ten miles north of Fall River . His summer home was located one mile from the famous Dighton Rock, which rested on the left margin of the Taunton River, covered by tidal water about 20 hours per day.

At the beginning of the XX century the psychologists all over the world were interested in appreciating the personalities of various people (introvert, extrovert), by their type of calligraphy or their writings, the way they cut their ts, place their dots on the is, or if they write inclined forward or backwards, etc. So the first interest of Professor Delabarre with Dighton Rock was to evaluate the personalities of the people that had made the inscriptions on the face of Dighton Rock!...

So very methodically he collected all the writings, drawings and photographs made by more than 200 investigators and journalists. Without arriving at any new theory, Delabarre published in three different volumes of the Massachusetts Historical Society all his findings and even made a long list of 35 "theories"!!!

After these publications Delabarre considered his work done. So on the Fall of 1918, he decided to file all his papers related to his research about Dighton Rock. But then, on December 2nd, 1918, as a last straw, he decided to develop a photo he had taken at 3 o'clock in morning, on July 1918. Eureka ! He saw the date 1511 engraved on the rock!

And decided to state to the world: "I saw it, clearly and undoubtedly, the date 1511. No one had ever seen it before on the rock or photograph; yet once seen, its genuine presence on the rock cannot be doubted." (December 2, 1918).

Delabarre decided then to search through European history and discovered that there existed in Lisbon, Portugal, royal charts (copies of these letters are in the Museum), attesting to the fact that Gaspar Corte Real visited North America for a second time in 1501 and never returned to Portugal.

Delabarre further uncovered the fact that Miguel Corte Real left Lisbon on May 10, 1502, in search of his brother, Gaspar. Miguel, however, shared a similar fate, never returning to his homeland. With this knowledge of Portuguese history, Delabarre reviewed all 27 drawings, paintings and photographs made by different scholars since 1680 and stated that the following is engraved on the rock:


The entrance to Dighton Rock State Park established in 1954	Edmund Burke Delabarre Avenue crossing the entire Dighton Rock State Park

After Delabarre announced to the world that he had discovered the Portuguese theory on Dighton Rock, all the American Press, Portuguese press and the international news services published his original discovery. He was generally praised except by his own peers.

Up to now (2004), his Psychology Department at Brown University NEVER had a simple gesture of honoring him for his Epigraphic Discovery on Dighton Rock! They never visited the Dighton Rock Museum as an American Monument !

Up to now the Department of Archaeology at Brown University NEVER had a simple gesture of honoring Delabarre for his Epigraphic Discovery on Dighton Rock. They never visited the Dighton Rock Museum as an American Monument !

Because of his discovery of the Portuguese Theory, Delabarre was decorated, in 1926, by the Portuguese Government with the Award of The Cross of the Order of Christ, one of the highest of Portugal . The Portuguese Department of Brown University NEVER had a simple gesture of honoring Delabarre for his Epigraphic Discovery of the Portuguese theory.

They never had the curiosity of visiting the Museum of Dighton Rock. As a matter of fact they expressed themselves antagonists to the Delabarre's discovery!!! Yet they are receiving money from the Portuguese Government!!!

Brown University DOES NOT HAVE ANY EPIGRAPHISTS OF THE XV AND XVI CENTURIES.

The only Scientific Department that has been cooperative with us relating to the Dighton Rock has been the Department of Geology of the Brown University . On May 22, 1972, Professor Bruno J. Giletti, of the Department of Geological Sciences of Brown University , went with me to exam in loco the Dighton Rock. He sent me a two page letter with his geological analyses. He did all this free of charge, for the sake of research. Here is his letter:

BROWN UNIVERSITY Providence , Rhode Island - 02912
DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGICAL SCIENCES

May 24, 1972
(401)863-2240

Dr. Manuel L. da Silva
Bristol County Medical Center
Bristol , Rhode Island 02809

This is written as a result of my visit with you on 22 May to the Dighton Rock, which is now on a cofferdam on an arm of the Taunton River in Berkley , Massachusetts . You asked me to examine the rock and to give you an opinion regarding the state of rock weathering, with particular regard to the incised writing and designs on one face.

The rock itself is a quartz sandstone of moderately coarse texture. Bedding in the rock can be seen on the upper surface which has a much finer grained shale facies in a few places. There is sufficient of this to show that the bedding was approximately parallel to the upper surface. The inscribed surface has weathered to the point that crossbedding is now apparent. This is evidence of the waterlaid nature of the rock and that deposition occurred where a current existed, perhaps a stream.

While imperfect, the crossbedding does suggest that the rock is now upside down with respect to its original deposition. I should note, however, that it is in the same orientation vertically as it was prior to its being moved to the cofferdam. I make the latter statement based on the photograph on page 51 of your book on the Dighton Rock. The action of the glaciers in the recent (geologically) glaciations could easily have turned the boulder over and did so in many other instances. This is a common phenomenon in New England .

The rock itself is a dark gray rock with abundant quartz and some feldspar. It weathers to a rusty-beige color. On the whole, it is relatively resistant to weathering. A few areas were chipped by the crane when the rock was first moved. Those which you pointed out to me as being due to this cause show relatively little weathering, despite the fact that it is 17 years since that event. The chipped areas are still dark gray and relatively fresh looking.

I would conclude that while chemical weathering from exposure to the atmosphere will, in time, obliterate the inscriptions, this is not a primary threat to those inscriptions. A number of fissures can be seen to run approximately horizontally on the inscribed face. These are actually planar and are inclined downward and back into the rock from this face. These may be a more serious threat to the rock. As water enters these fissures, alternate freezing and thawing may result in significant fracturing of the rock.

While the effects of this frost action are not an immediate threat to the inscriptions, I consider this to be a more serious problem than the chemical weathering. I noted a freshly chipped area on the upper left-hand portion of the inscribed face. This area was over a foot long and approximately three inches high. Marks in the vicinity of this area looked very much like hammer blows. Your statement to me that these marks were not there approximately one month ago raises a very serious question. It is my belief that the chipped area was produced by repeated blows from some object such as a hammer.

This rate of mechanical erosion (which I would call vandalism) is clearly far faster than the geological agents' rate. As there is a chain link fence topped by barbed wire all around the rock, this had to be a deliberate effort undertaken at some considerable inconvenience and risk. It is my opinion that there is a clear and imminent danger that the inscriptions on the face of the Dighton Rock will be lost through vandalism. The present fence is clearly inadequate.

It is not within my competence to judge the authenticity of the inscriptions you ascribe to Corte Real, but the interest in these inscriptions and the scholarly questions they raise warrant their preservation. So long as the possibility exists that they were inscribed in the early 16th Century, they deserve protection. In addition, they form the whole focus of Dighton Rock State Park ..

Professor Giletti gave me his expert opinion concerning the geological characteristics of Dighton Rock, but was frank with me, that was not of his "competence to judge the authenticity of the inscriptions". This analysis has to be done by archaeologists, specializing in Epigraphy of the XV and XVI centuries. I even had a meeting with a representative of the Anthropology and with a representative Archaeology of Brown University, on September 1981, but we did not get anywhere because Brown University does not have epigraphists of the XV and XVI century with the knowledge of the Portuguese Historical Cartouche.

Lately, I took to see the Dighton Rock Museum and exam the rock, two Geologists: Dr. Vassil Zlatarski, with PH.D., from Sofia , Bulgaria , and Doctorate of Science from Moscow, Russia, and Dr. Patrick Barosh, Geologist, specializing in Tectonics and Regional Geology, and both confirmed to me that I have to get Epigraphists of the XV and XVI centuries.

Where are they? I consulted one hundred and twenty nine American Institutions of High Learning and Universities, and they all informed me, by Internet, that THEY DO NOT HAVE ANY EPIGRAPHISTS OF THE XV AND XVI CENTURIES!

Dighton Rock Museum . The building on the back with small windows is the Pavilion which contains the rock. The building in the forefront is the Museum proper which displays six panels and the maritime artifacts.

The Dighton Rock State Park which has an area of 101 acres, (the same area as the Vatican ), has an Avenue from its entrance to the Museum, which is called " Edmund Burke Delabarre Ave ". This name was approved , many years ago, by the House of Representatives, by the Senate and signed by the Governor of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts

But, I honestly believe that Brown University should enjoy the outstanding name of Professor Delabarre, since he was one of the original investigators of the Portuguese theory. Delabarre's example as a persistent researcher should be transmitted to all the teaching staff and even all the alumni.

The Brown University deserves to get the full credit of this great investigator. I am going to inform the President of Brown University of this discrepancy. I believe Dr. Ruth J. Simmons can finally correct this unfortunate mistake. Let us hope so!