The Four Wicked Men Of Dighton Rock:

(1) Cotton Mather, (2) Ezra Stiles, (3) Court de Gebelin and (4) Christian Rafn

 By  Manuel Luciano da Silva, Medical Doctor

 Dighton Rock has been for several centuries very unfortunate because it was  treated badly physically and  by vandalism, and also  by malignant writers  about its inscriptions!

Here are  the four wicked, bad, evil, infamous individuals who wrote about its inscriptions without ever seen the face of the rock! Unfortunately their erroneous interpretations have been repeated,  and repeated  for centuries  by incredulous  investigators and even by the general public. This  has been terrible!  Especially in America,  a country where we expect to have complete transparency and scientific analysis of everything!

Sometimes I wonder if  the same  Americans prefer confusion and miss understandings!

I think it is about time we should stop this  nonsense, even this stupidity,  concerning the  FRAUDS  perpetrated on the inscriptions of Dighton Rock. The time is overdue for  everybody to have the guts to face the TRUTH about the Dighton  Rock inscriptions!

 Here is a synopsis of what each of these four  wicked writers did – like malignant cancer ! – to   the Dighton Rock:

(1)          Cotton Mather:

Cotton Mather was the Minister of Boston’s Old North Church and a true believer in witchcraft.

In September 1692, nineteen men and women became victims of  the Witchcraft Salem, Massachusetts  Trials. They were convicted and hanged!

Cotton  Mather  had much influence on three judges (out of five)   because they were members of his Boston Old Church and  Mather wrote letters to those judges persuading them on the tribunal verdicts!

Ergotism:

Apparently the symptoms presented by the persons that were  accused of possessing witchcraft at the Salem trials,  were suffering from the poisoning of  ergotism due to the ingestion of ergotamin caused by Claviceps purpurea fungus which infects  rye and other cereals.  The symptoms of ergotism consist of convulsions, seizures, spasm, diarrheas, itching, headaches, hallucinations,  manias and even psychosis. With these symptoms  the victims were diagnosed has being possessed of  witchcraft, because at that time it was not known the scientific cause of these symptoms.

The Devil and Christ made the inscriptions!

For Cotton Mather the Devil was the cause  of all  these evils of witchcraft.   And with his Devil trend of thought,   it was not difficult for Mather  to make the diagnosis  of Dighton  Rock inscriptions even WITHOUT  seeing  the rock! The Devil  engraved  them!  Three years later Mather changed his mind and wrote that Jesus Christ etched  the inscriptions on Dighton Rock!!!  And Professor Delabarre on his book entitled “Dighton Rock” 1928, with 369 pages, spent  SIX PAGES  explaining the Devil’s and  Christ’s theories presented by Cotton Mather!!!  God help us! And this stupidity continues to be repeated again and again! When are these ridiculous writings going to stop ???

(2) Ezra Stiles:

     Ezra Stiles (1727-1795)

Ezra Stiles was born in North Haven, Connecticut, on November 29, 1727. He became a lawyer and a clergyman. He was very much interested in culture and education. He was a librarian, pastor,  professor, writer and even reached the presidency of Yale University!

He became for 30 years the pastor of the Congregational Church in the City of Newport, RI. He was “reputed to be the most learned scholar in New England”.

So because of his  fame, he was asked to give his opinion about the Dighton  Rock inscriptions. So he did.  After examine the drawing of the inscriptions presented to him by Professor John Winthrop of Harvard University,  on June 15th, 1767,  after a deep thought,   Ezra  Stiles made this statement: “I believe it will never be interpreted!” He NEVER saw the rock!

This is the same thing as if  I as physician  make this  statement: “Medicine will never discover the cure for cancer!”

Obviously Ezra Stiles with his bombastic expression revealed  a superiority  complex above all and  behaved like many  University professors that if they do not know,  nobody else  has capabilities of knowing or discovering!   

This wicked diagnosis of Dighton Rock inscriptions by Ezra Stiles has had a tremendous impact on ALL the universities across USA,-- more than five thousand,--  because to this day, NO University Professor of Archeology, Anthropology and Epigraphy has had the GUTS  to come and face Dighton Rock and examine its inscriptions. They are still afraid that Dighton Rock might bite them!!! 

The same  attitude has happened to  the Governors of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts,  because to this date NO Governor has had the guts to visit Dighton Rock. They all suffer from  same disease, lack of American patriotism!

(3) Court de Gebelin:

Antoine Court de Gébelin (1719-1784)

Antoine Court De Gébelin from Paris, France,  became a protestant pastor who initiated the interpretation of Torot as an arcane repository of esoteric wisdom.  He also became interested in occultism  and in the universal languages. He even wrote  a dictionary of etymology of languages. 

Because he learned that  the word Phallus ( meaning penis) was a Phoenician word – and  after having a bad dream ! – he decided to add a PHALLUS or penis to the drawing of the Dighton Rock inscriptions he had received from John Winthrop  which was sent to him on the year of  1764.  He committed FRAUD in 1768

He NEVER saw the rock!

This is the explanation why the non-sense theory of Phoenicians was dreamt for  Dighton Rock!

Is’nt this pathetic?!  And we continue to spend time and ink with this FRAUD?!  God help us! 

(4) Christian Rafn:

Carl Christian Rafn (1795 – 1864)

Carl Christian Rafn was a Danish antiquarian noted for  his early advocacy of the theory that  the Vikings explored North America centuries before Christopher Columbus.

Rafn was particularly interested in discovering the  location of the Vinland mentioned in the Norse sagas.  Rafn believed Vinland  to have been in the modern-day New England in USA.

He NEVER saw the rock!

Rafn published in Denmark a large book in 1837 entitled the “Antiquitates  Americanae” after he received a copy of the drawing of the Dighton Rock inscriptions sent to him in 1834  by the Rhode Island Historical Society of Providence, Rhode Island, USA.

But Rafn committed  FRAUD by changing the drawing he had received from America. He added, on the center of the drawing, three letters  F I N   to coincide with the name Thorfinn who is mentioned on the Norse sagas.  

Since then,  all the Viking descendents  living in USA continue to  defend  this FRAUD!  They do not want to let it go, despite the proof that the Vikings with the type of ship that had the square sail COULD NEVER navigate into the Narragansett Bay. Never! The Vikings have NOTHING to do with the Dighton Rock inscriptions.

The Vikings have a consolation that they can be proud of:

In 1960 archaeologists  discovered a Viking settlement at  L’Anse Meadows in the north end of Newfoundland, Canada!

For this I congratulate the Vikings!  For the success of this enterprise they can be really proud! 

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